What we know for sure, is that Costitx was inhabited during the Islamic dominance (902-1229/32). The area was part of a district known as “Juz’ de Quanarussa”, which also included Santa Eugènia, Santa Maria del Cami, Sencelles, Consell, Binissalem and Alaró. It was the Berber tribe known as “Zanata” that ruled this area. The Arabs were excellent farmers, and introduced advanced watering systems such as qanats, wells and water tanks, allowing them to cultivate the lands and keep livestock.

Post the Catalan conquest of Mallorca (1229-1232), the king distributed the lands of the island amongst participators and supporters of the campaign. The district of Quanarussa was given to the viscount of Bearn and renamed to “Canarrossa”. At that time, there was no village, just a farmhouse. This farmhouse was rented to Arnau de Santacilla, a priest from Catalonia, who was put in charge of constructing a chapel to mark the Christian dominance. This chapel was built between 1236 and 1238, and was the first in the area.

However, the ecclesiastical superiority fell in the hands of the neighboring area Sencelles, that was given the power to function as a parish.

During the 15th and 16th century, Mallorca faced two major conflicts, the “Revolta Forana” (Revolt of the Foreigners) and the rise of the “Germanies”. The Revolta Forana was a conflict that arose because of bad economy and high taxes put on small landowners and day workers (foreigners). The peasants felt neglected and without influence from the horsemen and nobles who owned the majority of the lands, and therefore wanted better conditions. They were met with disapproval and resistance, and then the conflict escalated and turned violent. The conflict ended in 1453 with a loss to the peasants.

70 years after the outburst of the first conflict, in 1520, the conflict arose once again. This time it was initiated by the artisans guilds instead of farmers, and was far more organized and the movement known as the “Germanies” had support from peasants from all of Mallorca including Costitx. Thousands of lives were lost in brutal battles all over the Mallorcan countryside between 1520 and 1522. The resistance was so powerful that the king of Aragón had to take action and send the royal army to Mallorca to end it all. Several thousand trained soldiers arrived in Port de Pollenca in November 1522, and a final battle was fought in the marshes of Sa Pobla.

Costitx was fortunate enough to not suffer much repercussions from the conflicts, however, we know that Sencelles was fined for damages caused.

In the 17th century, there was a constant tension between Costitx and Sencelles because of the parish. The growing congregation of Costitx wanted their own independent parish, they were tired of walking to Sencelles for religious services. Finally, in 1695 an ecclesiastical court voted in favor of Costitx becoming an independent parish, and the construction of a new church could begin. At that time the village has 121 houses.

During the 18th and 19 century, there was a great deal of turbulence in Spain which affected all areas. In 1715, the Spanish War of Succession lead to a centralized societal system in Spain giving very little or none influence to local areas. In 1812, the Constitution of Cadiz, or Spanish Constitution, led to the introduction of independent municipalities, which gave Costitx its first time as an independent municipality. Unfortunately, just two years later it was taken from them again.

Following the governmental changes of Trienio Liberal in 1820, Costitx once again became an independent municipality with its first mayor, Antoni Vallespir-Dalmau,

Already in 1823, Costitx had to say goodbye to its independence due to the rule of Ferdinand VII. In 1845, a petition was made to allow for Costitx to be independent from Sencelles, and finally on February the 4th, 1858, Queen Isabel II granted Costitx its long wanted independence.

The local political scene started to take form with different unions and parties appealing to the community of Costitx. However, following the Spanish Civil War, Franco did not allow any political parties or unions anywhere in Spain, thus we have to fast forward to 1979 to find the next democratically elected mayor of Costitx, Maria Antònia Munar Riutort.

As for income, Costitx has been depending on its agriculture for centuries. The dry and plain landscapes has been used for cultivating figs, cereals, carobs and almonds.

In the more recent years, Costitx has developed significantly in terms of infrastructure and leisure activities. It has been a declared goal of the town hall to make the area more appealing to tourists and settlers by improving the road network and installing facilities for sports and activities.